For an isolation transformer, the voltage and current levels are equal on both the primary and secondary sides. Obviously, the number of turns on primary and secondary are also equal. it is also called a 1:1 ratio transformer in terms of voltage, current, and turns ratio.
An isolation transformer is a transformer used to transfer electrical power from a source of alternating current (AC) power to some equipment or device while isolating the powered device from the power source, usually for safety reasons or to reduce transients and harmonics.
The isolation transformers are used in many electrical devices such as computers, measurement devices, or specific industry-power electronic devices. There is also some special application of isolating transformers, such as pulse transformers which transmit rectangular pulse signals and provide electrical isolation. This type is suitable in some computer network designs.
In an isolation transformer number of turns on the primary side is equal to the number of turns on the secondary side. This means the turn ratio or transformer ratio of an isolation transformer is 1:1. Its main function is to isolate one circuit from another circuit.
An isolation transformer is made of two copper coils that are wound around each other and are each supplied by their own power source. While the term “isolation transformer” technically refers to any transformer, it is specifically a transformer that isolates a circuit from an alternating current. An isolation transformer does this by separating two circuits with an induction loop or decreasing the alternating current’s voltage before it reaches the circuit itself.
Isolation transformers provide galvanic isolation and are used to protect against electric shock, to suppress electrical noise in sensitive devices, or to transfer power between two circuits that must not be connected.
Isolation transformers block the transmission of the DC component in signals from one circuit to the other but allow AC components in signals to pass.
Transformers that have a ratio of 1 to 1 between the primary and secondary windings are often used to protect secondary circuits and individuals from electrical shocks between energized conductors and earth ground